Some lamps were mainly used in shop windows and shops, in exhibitions and in museums, but today, especially the halogens and the energy-saving IRC halogen lamps are an excellent solution for lighting work and study tables. Halogen lamps are available in a wide variety of shapes and powers. It is possible to divide them into two large families:
They are low voltage lamps, so they need a transformer to work. The acronym IRC stands for Infrared coating which means that they have a reflector that reports part of the heat on the bulb itself, therefore they require less energy to have the bulb at the ideal operating temperature.
When compared with traditional halogen lamps they consume less energy, disperse less heat, last longer, have a greater luminous flux over time. Energy-saving halogen lamps replace traditional incandescent lamps where localized light, frequent re-ignition, discontinuous use and immediate availability of light are needed.
Halogen lamps have a luminous efficacy (around 15-25 lumens/watt) which is almost twice the traditional ones. They last twice as long as traditional ones (the average duration is around 2,000 hours); last generation ones (IRC) last more than 4000 hours. The decay of the luminous flux as a function of the hours of life is practically negligible and there is no blackening of the bulb.
They emit white light with excellent color rendering. The luminous flux can be adjusted using a simple variator. Those at low voltage need a transformer to function.
They have very small dimensions and are available in a remarkable variety of shapes and powers associated with LED Lighting Design.
They are recommended where you need localized and decorative lighting, immediate availability of light, discontinuous use and frequent switching on and off. They do not contain toxic and dangerous substances so they can be disposed of as unsorted waste.
They belong to the family of gas discharge lamps such as mercury vapor lamps, sodium vapor lamps and halide vapor lamps which, however, are scarcely used in the home. Fluorescent lamps consist of a glass tube internally coated with a layer of special fluorescent powders, which contains mercury vapor at low pressure as shown in LED Lighting Design.
At the extremities there are two electrodes which, at the passage of the current they were a discharge to which the emission of light radiation is associated. To power these lamps it is necessary to use a reactor, which serves to limit the current value.
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